Classical music styles
What are all those styles we listen in classical music works?
- Cantata
def: cantare - to sing
A vocal composition accompanied by an instrument
- Cantabile
def: singable
A style of playing designed to imitate the human voice
- Concerto
def: accord or gathering
Instrumental composition for one or more soloist accompanied by an orchestra or other ensemble
Typical 3 movement structure (1 slow - lento/adagio, 2 fast movements - presto/allegro)
- Étude
def: study
Instrumental musical composition (usually short) of considerable difficulty for practicing a particular musical skill
- Fantasia
A musical composition with roots in the art of improvisation
Seldom follows rules of a musical form
- Fugue
Compositional technique in two or more voices built on a subject, introduced at the beginning, it is repeated in different pitches and recurs frequently in the composition
3 main sections (exposition, development and final entry returning to the tonic key)
- Intermezzo
A composition which fits between other musical or dramatic entities (a play, or movements in a larger musical work)
Opera intermezzo (comic relief)
Instrumental intermezzo
- Nocturne
A musical composition inspired by the night
A single movement character piece usually written for solo piano
- Prelude
A short piece of music thought as a preface
- Overture
Instrumental introduction to an opera, ballet or oratorio
Romantic era: Independent and self existing instrumental works intended to be played at the head of a programme
- Rhapsody
One-movement work which is episodic, featuring a range of highly contrasted moods, color and tonality
- Scherzo
A short composition, sometimes movement from a larger work (symphony or sonata)
Fast moving/humorous
Replaces the minuet as the 3rd movement (in 4 movement works)
- Serenade
A musical work delivered in honor of someone or something
- Sonata
def: suonare - to sound
Literally: A piece played as opposed to a cantata ( a piece sung)
After Baroque period: Performed by a solo instrument (most often keyboard)
Before: Referred to a solo keyboard and another instrument
In classical era took on increasing importance as a term: Principle of composing large -scale works
Alongside with fugue its the two fundamental methods of organizing, interpreting and analyzing concert music
- Suite
An ordered set of instrumental or orchestral pieces
Important music form in Baroque era
Replaced in 18th century by symphony, sonata and concerto and revived by the 19th in a different form
- Symphony
Extended musical composition written for orchestra
Four movements usually (first is sonata form)
- Toccata
def: to touch
Virtuoso piece of music typically for keyboard instrument or plucked string instrument
Emphasizing on the dexterity of fingers